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奥林匹克公园之荷花 奥林匹克公园的一个主要创意是整个设计像荷花在荷塘中繁茂生长一样。运动员、裁判员和其他参与者之间的相互关系好比被荷叶呵护的水中和水面上丰富多彩的生命活动。中央的步行区域和必要的交通设施是关键。人流从地铁中出来好像穿越荷塘水面(正好在现存的荷田周围相同的位置)，精心设计的南主入口将设计最大的一片荷塘，并依此形成基本的几何构图，一直延伸到各个主要的体育场馆。 荷花作为代表中国文化和传统的一个象征的创意体现了2008北京奥林匹克运动会的特征。传播文化：奥林匹克运动会是一个国际盛会，但同时更是主办国弘扬自己特殊文化的极好机会；普天齐聚：荷花具有的"团圆"的涵义，吸引人们聚集在一起，那一刻所有参赛队伍、裁判员、观众和所有关心奥林匹克的人们汇聚一起，并通过现代通讯技术广泛传播；和谐自然：亭亭玉立的荷花穿过浓密的圆形叶丛构筑一个几乎完美的图景，几乎可以与人的躯体和灵魂的和谐相媲美；丰富多彩：荷花丰富的功用和同样硕果累累的奥运盛会惊人相似，运动员不仅仅为奖牌而战，他们还通过奥运盛会缔结新的友谊，在职业生涯中携手共进；参加国的社会活动家们通过这个盛会扩大国与国之间的交流，展现本国经济和文化；正式的和非正式的联系通过奥运会延伸，成为很多国家拓展交流合作的契机；奋发向上：从碧波荡漾的荷塘冉冉升起的美，激发人们通过辛勤的付出和经年累月的艰苦训练、通过参加奥运会达到人生的顶点，因而奥运会上每一个参与者都是赢者；天时地利：荷花花期与奥运会的举办时间一致，奥运会期间正是荷花盛开，莲子新出的理想季节。 对荷花的抽象被应用到各个层面和阶段的设计中。人们能够从奥林匹克公园的基本布局(城市设计)中发现其基本形式。在南侧，从元大都北护城河开始引进荷花到现有水面。沿着从南向北的垂直轴线进入场地，各个规划项目布置在轴线的两侧。东侧的平台由荷叶抽象而来，从中轴线开始缓缓抬升到场地的东缘，为盛开的荷花提供欢趣的基础：荷叶之上盛开的荷花即三个主体育场馆(国家体育场、国家游泳中心和国家体育馆)和赛后位于场地西北的北京城市规划展览馆。中轴线从故宫向北延伸(进入森林公园的南部)，然而主要体育场馆的自东南向西北延伸的弧线形布局使其重新回到城市中。奥运会后，设计外形呈螺旋状的北京城市规划展览馆将使这一回转得到强化。连续的和无限延伸的螺线运动被安置在一个玻璃的容器中――水中的莲蓬。通过这种解决方案，奥林匹克公园的中央区域成为中轴线北端的高潮。另外，从更大的尺度上，由北京西山和北山形成的山体轮廓线，与从南二环延伸到奥林匹克公园转而向西的城市空间轴线呈合抱之势，城市空间轴线和地理轮廓完美协调。 景观设计结合现状景观及其特性：林地在北部，重新设计河溪、林地斑块和树丛、荷田，并都围绕荷花的主题。环境的生态状况被保持和改善。广义奥运区域的土地利用包括林地、草地、湿地(荷塘、主要河溪两岸和清河南侧的低洼地)、耕地，以及奥林匹克中心区域规划的开放空间。 荷花的构造通过主体建筑的建筑设计转化成清晰和抽象的几何形状：风中的叶柄或者花梗(即摩天楼)，层层叠叠的荷叶下的联片建筑(赛后展览中心)，荷花(三个主要体育场馆)和莲蓬(赛后北京城市规划展览馆)。 附注： 北京大学景观规划设计中心 2002-7-23 THE LOTUS FLOWER OF OLYMPICS GREEN Introduction to the concept of the 3rd prize of "INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION FOR CONCEPTUAL PLANNING AND DESIGN OF BEIJING OLYMPIC GAMES 2008" By: the Center for Urban Planning and Design (CUPD), Peking University/the Center for Landscape Architecture and Planning (CLAP), Peking University Olympic Green Area is designed like a lotus pond in general and plant in particular. Interaction of spectators, sportsmen and other participants can be compared with the rich life under the lotus leaves, in the water and above it. Central pedestrian area with needed traffic infrastructure is crucial. People come out of the subway system through the lotus ponds (in exact same location as existing pond) and through South Gate where the largest lotus pond is designed as an entering geometric motif and spread around to get to the main sport objects. The idea of lotus flower is used as a symbol for Chinese culture and tradition a characteristic of Beijing 2008 Olympics. Enjoying (life) together represents Olympic Games as an event which unifies all participating nations, brings sport teams, spectators and others to enjoy this great world event on the site and via modern telecommunications world wide. Harmony of lotus flower is like harmony between human body and mind. Fertility of lotus plant stands for friendships and helpful collaboration between sportsmen, meetings of National Olympic Committees, statesmen, spectators, establishing formal and informal fruitful connections. Beauty raising up from muddy water of lotus can be compared with sport success: every sportsman can become with hard work a successful individual; at Olympic Games every participant is a winner. Seasonal changes of lotus flower are also important: it blossoms and fruits in summer when the games start. An abstraction of lotus plant is used in different layers and stages of design. One can find its structure in a general layout of Olympics Green (urban design). In South, the program starts as lotus in existing water of Hu Cheng He river in Yuan Dynasty City Wall Relics Park. It follows then a vertical axis toward North along which required program zones are placed on both sides. Main eastern platform is an abstraction of green lotus leaf. It raises from the central axis toward eastern edge and provides an interesting base for blossoms: three main sport objects (National Stadium, National Swimming Center and National Gymnasium) and The Beijing Exhibition Hall after the games north-west of it (as a lotus fruit). Main objects are placed at the end of the Central Axis that starts in Forbidden City, continues to the North (into the southern part of Forest Area), but locations of main sport objects turn it back to the city. Turn of the axis is after the games also supported by Beijing Exhibition Hall that is designed in a spiral shape as continuous and endless movement of spiral captured in glass cube - a lotus fruit in water. By this solution, the Central Olympic Area presents a climax point of the axis in North. At last but not least, the turn of the main axis toward West is enclosing the city in a similar way as western and northern mountains are embracing the city of Beijing in larger scale. Landscape design follows existing landscape and its characteristics: forest area in North, redesigned streams, tree patches and clumps, lotus ponds and rounds the lotus story. Ecological condition of the space are maintained and improved. Land-use in wider Olympic area includes forestry, grassland, wetlands (lotus ponds, marshes along the main stream and beside the Qinghe River), arable fields, and designed green open spaces in the central Olympic area. Lotus structure is changed into a clear and abstract geometry through architectural design of main buildings: The Stems of Wind (skyscrapers), The Hall of thousand Leaves (Main Exhibition Halls after the games), lotus blossoms (three main sport objects) and lotus fruit (Beijing Exhibition Hall after the games). Competition group: Other than the tremendous job from members of
CLAP and CUPD, Beijing Turen Design Institute's great assistance
of working space, human resource and funds is key to the success.
4 landscape architects and architects from Slovenia are essential
for the project. They are Principle Designers and Concept Planners.
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